MARKAZIY BANK RAQAMLI VALYUTASI (CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCY): NAZARIY ASOSLAR VA XALQARO TA’RIFLARNING QIYOSIY TAHLILI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18441508Keywords:
Markaziy bank raqamli valyutasi, CBDC, raqamli valyuta, kriptovalyuta, monetar siyosat, moliyaviy barqarorlik, BIS, IMF.Abstract
Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy moliya tizimining transformatsiyasida hal qiluvchi rol o‘ynayotgan Markaziy
bank raqamli valyutasi (Central Bank Digital Currency — CBDC) konsepsiyasining nazariy asoslari hamda xalqaro
ta’riflari tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqotning asosiy maqsadi CBDC ning mohiyatini ochib berish, uning an’anaviy pul shakllari,
kriptovalyutalar va elektron pullardan tub farqlarini aniqlash, shuningdek, yetakchi xalqaro moliya institutlari tomonidan
qo‘llaniladigan ta’riflarni qiyosiy tahlil qilish orqali yagona konseptual yondashuvni shakllantirishdan iborat. Tadqiqot
jarayonida tizimli tahlil, qiyosiy va mantiqiy tahlil metodlaridan foydalanilgan. Olingan natijalar shuni ko‘rsatadiki, CBDC
nafaqat qonuniy to‘lov vositasi maqomiga ega bo‘lgan raqamli milliy valyuta, balki moliyaviy tizim arxitekturasini hamda
monetar siyosatni amalga oshirish mexanizmlarini tubdan o‘zgartirish salohiyatiga ega bo‘lgan institutsional innovatsiya
hisoblanadi. Xalqaro tashkilotlar tomonidan berilgan ta’riflar o‘rtasidagi asosiy farqlar CBDC ning dizayn variantlari,
maqsadlari va potensial xavflariga qaratilgan turli yondashuvlarda namoyon bo‘ladi. Xulosa qilib aytganda, CBDC ning
yagona va universal ta’rifini shakllantirish global standartlarni ishlab chiqish hamda muvofiqlashtirilgan siyosatni amalga
oshirish uchun muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi.
References
1. Bordo, M. D., & Levin, A. T. (2017). Central Bank Digital Currency and the Future of Monetary Policy. NBER Working
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2. Auer, R., & Böhme, R. (2020). The technology of retail central bank digital currency. BIS Quarterly Review, March,
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3. Bank for International Settlements (BIS). (2018). Central bank digital currencies. Committee on Payments and Market
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4. Bank for International Settlements (BIS). (2020). The rise of central bank digital currency: drivers, approaches and
technologies. BIS Innovation Hub.
5. International Monetary Fund (IMF). (2020). Digital Money Across Borders: Macro-Financial Implications. IMF Policy
Paper.
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